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Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)
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Switzerland - 2013

  • 1 Description of national OSH regulatory framework

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    • 1.1 Description of OSH regulatory framework

      Summary/citation: Main OSH legislation is contained in the Labour Law, the Order No. 3 on Hygiene and the Order on the Prevention of Accidents. However there are a number of specific laws and regulations relating to particular OSH aspects.

      The enforcement system of OSH standards is complex as it involves the participation of many competent Institutions.

      Cantonal bodies in charge of enforcing the Labour Law are competent for monitoring the implementation of safety requirements and use of work equipments, and for issuing operation authorizations for companies.

      The Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO) is the supervisory board of the cantonal executive bodies for employees’ protection and enforcement of the laws concerning safety and health at work.

      The National Health Fund is responsible for monitoring the application of provisions on the prevention of professional diseases in al companies.

      The Federal Coordination Commission for Occupational Safety FCOS is the central information and coordination office for safety and health at work. It coordinates the preventive measures, the tasks in the execution and the uniform application of the rules. It issues directives in order to facilitate and harmonize the application of OSH standards.

      Federal bodies collaborate with the National Health Fund to monitor the application of the requirements on the prevention of accidents. The Coordination Commission provide the details of this collaboration on the basis of the proposals made by SECO and the National Health Fund. These two federal bodies in charge of enforcing the Labour Law must ensure that the cantonal authorities apply the safety requirements. If a cantonal body does not ensure compliance with the requirements, SECO is under the obligation to draw its attention to the infringed provisions and encourage it to apply them. SECO may, if necessary, give instructions to the cantonal body. In case of persistent or repeated failure to comply with the requirements, the Coordination Commission shall be informed.

      • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3)

      • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA).

      • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail)

      • Official Website of the Federal Coordination Commission for Occupational Safety FCOS

      • Official Website of the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO

      • Official Website of The Federal Authorities of the Swiss Confederation

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  • 2 Scope, coverage and exclusions

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    • 2.1 Health and safety covers physical and psychological health

      Summary/citation: The employer must take all necessary measures to ensure the physical and mental health of workers.

      • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 2)

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    • 2.2 Definition of worker

      Remarks / comments: Neither the Labour Law (LTr) nor the Order 3 on Hygiene (OLT3) provide for a definition of worker. Nevertheless the Labour Law (LTr) contains provisions on its scope of application including different categories of workers. According to Article 3 of the labour Law, it is not applicable to the following categories of workers:
      - Workers who serve a church or members of religious communities;
      - Workers of a foreign state or an international organization;
      - Workers of Swiss airlines;

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    • 2.3 Definition of employer

      Remarks / comments: The Labour Law (LTr) does not contain a definition of employer. Nevertheless, it defines the term company as any employer who employs one or more workers permanently or temporarily, even without using facilities or premises (§ 1(2)).

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    • 2.4 Exclusion of branches of economic activity

      Summary/citation: Included.

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      • 2.4.1 Agriculture

        Summary/citation: Included.

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      • 2.4.2 Construction

        Summary/citation: Included.

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      • 2.4.3 Services

        Summary/citation: Included.

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      • 2.4.4 Public sector

        Summary/citation: Included.

        Remarks / comments: Federal, cantonal and communal administrations fall under the scope of application of OSH provisions contained in the Labour Law (LTr) and the Order 3 on Hygiene (OLT3). Nevertheless, they are excluded from the scope of application of the rest of provisions contained in the Labour Law (LTr), according to Article 2(1)(a).

        • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§§ 2(1)(a), 3(a))

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      • 2.4.5 Other

        Summary/citation: OSH provisions contained in the Labour Law (LTr) are applicable also to the federal, cantonal and communal administrations, workers who are holding senior management positions, workers who carry out independent artistic activity or scientific activity, teachers in private schools, as well as teachers, social workers, educators and supervisors employed in institutions.

        Remarks / comments: Federal, cantonal and communal administrations, workers who are holding senior management positions, workers who carry out independent artistic activity or scientific activity, teachers in private schools, as well as teachers, social workers, educators and supervisors employed in institutions fall under the scope of application of OSH provisions contained in the Labour Law (LTr) and the Order 3 on Hygiene (OLT3). Nevertheless, they are excluded from the scope of application of the rest of provisions contained in the Labour Law (LTr), according to Article 3.

        • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§ 3(a))

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    • 2.5 Definition of occupational accident

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    • 2.6 Definition of occupational disease

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  • 3 Institutions and programmes relating to OSH administration and/or enforcement

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    • 3.1 Competent national authority for safety and health at work

      Summary/citation: The Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO) is the supervisory board of the cantonal executive bodies for employee protection and enforcement of the laws concerning safety and health at work.
      (Loi sur le travail, § 42(3))

      Cantonal bodies in charge of enforcing the Labour Law are competent for monitoring the implementation of safety requirements in companies and use of work equipments, unless another implementing agency is competent. Cantonal bodies are also competent to issue operation authorisations for companies pursuant to arts. 7 and 8 of the Labour Law.
      (Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles, §§ 47, 48, 49, 50, 52)

      Federal bodies collaborate with the National Health Fund to monitor the application of the requirements on the prevention of accidents. The Coordination Commission provide the details of this collaboration on the basis of the proposals made by SECO and the National Health Fund. These two federal bodies in charge of enforcing the Labour Law must ensure that the cantonal authorities apply the safety requirements. If a cantonal body does not ensure compliance with the requirements, SECO is under the obligation to draw its attention to the infringed provisions and encourage it to apply them. SECO may, if necessary, give instructions to the cantonal body. In case of persistent or repeated failure to comply with the requirements, the Coordination Commission shall be informed.

      The federal enforcement bodies of the Labour Law monitor the implementation of the requirements on the prevention of occupational accidents within the public administration, businesses and institutions of the Confederation, provided that the National Health Fund is not competent.

      The National Health Fund is responsable for monitoring the application of the requirements on the prevention of accidents in a number of companies listed in the law.

      The National Health Fund is responsible for monitoring the application of provisions on the prevention of professional diseases in al companies.

      The Coordination Commission is competent to:
      a. further define the tasks of the executive bodies;
      b. organize, in consultation with the National Health Fund the collaboration of cantonal bodies in the enforcement of the Labour Law in the field of competence of the National Health Fund;
      c. assign to federal bodies responsible for the enforcement of the Labour Law or to the National Health Fund tasks that a cantonal body is not able to perform due to lack of staff or equipment until the body has acquired the necessary means.
      (Loi sur l'assurance accidents, § 85)

      • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§§ 47, 48, 49, 50, 52)

      • Loi fédérale du 20 mars 1981 sur l'assurance accidents (LAA). (§ 85)

      • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§ 42(3))

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      • 3.1.1 Objectives, roles and/or functions

        Summary/citation: The Confederation exercises supervision on the execution of the Labour Law (LTr) and orders by the cantons. It has the power to give instructions to the cantonal enforcement authorities. The Confederation shall take further enforcement actions that the law places in its jurisdiction, and shall enforce the Labour Law (LTr) and orders in federal companies. These responsibilities are attributed to SECO when they are not expressly assigned to the Federal Council or to the Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research EAER. In the exercise of its powers, SECO is empowered to dispose of federal labor inspections and the occupational health service. It may also require specialized inspections or experts.
        (Loi sur le travail, § 42)

        SECO is the service of the Confederation responsible for the protection of workers. SECO has the following functions:
        a. monitor and coordinate the implementation of the law by the Cantons and ensure consistency in the application of the law;
        b. provide continuous education and professional development of the enforcement authorities;
        c. advise and inform the cantonal enforcement authorities, employers 'and workers' associations on the enforcement of the law and orders, on the one hand, and other organizations on general issues relating to the protection of workers, on the other hand;
        d. provide information on the protection of workers;
        e. provide specialists and infrastructure needed to study and solve complex problems and situations;
        f. study the issues and matters relating to the specific protection of workers, and solve problems of a general nature;
        g. contribute to the promotion and research on occupational health;
        h. manage public relations and international contacts in the field of protection of workers;
        i. enforce the law and orders in the enterprises and the public federal institutions;
        j. apply the procedure for approval of plans pursuant to Articles 7 and 8 of the Labour Law.
        (Ordonnance 1 relative à la loi sur le travail, § 75)

        • Ordonnance 1 du 10 mai 2000 relative à la loi sur le travail (OLT 1). (§ 75)

        • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§ 42)

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      • 3.1.2 Chairperson and composition

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    • 3.2 National OSH research programme or institute

      Summary/citation: SECO is the service of the Confederation responsible for the protection workers. Among other duties it shall contribute to the promotion of occupational health and promote research on OSH.

      Remarks / comments: The Institute for Work and Health (IST) is a foundation under private law and affiliated with the universities of Lausanne and Geneva. It is one of the World Health Organization (WHO) collaborating centers for occupational health. The IST is the main academic entity for occupational health in Switzerland. Its mission is to teach, research, consult, advice, and promote health at work. IST is involved in occupational health teaching at the universities at all levels. For more information please check the IST official website: www.i-s-t.ch.

      • Ordonnance 1 du 10 mai 2000 relative à la loi sur le travail (OLT 1). (§ 75)

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      • 3.2.1 Objectives, roles and/or functions

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      • 3.2.2 Governance board constitution and chairmanship

        No data available.

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      • 3.2.3 Source of funding

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    • 3.3 National OSH programme

      No data available.

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      • 3.3.1 Consultation on the national OSH programme

        No data available.

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  • 4 Employers’ duties and responsibilities to protect the safety and health of workers and others

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    • 4.1 Duty to ensure the health and safety of employees

      Summary/citation: The employer has the legal obligation to take all measures that experience has demonstrated to be necessary to protect the health of workers. The employer must take all necessary measures to protect the personal integrity of workers.
      The employer must adapt its facilities in order to avoid as much as possible the exposure of workers to dangers for their health.
      (Loi sur le travail, § 6(1)-(2))

      The employer must take all necessary measures to ensure the physical and mental health of workers.
      (Ordonnance no 3 relative à la loi sur le travail, § 2(1))

      The employer is required to take all measures that the experience has demonstrated to be necessary to prevent occupational accidents and diseases.
      The employer must ensure that workers are collaborating in the application of the prevention measures of occupational accidents and diseases.
      (Loi fédérale sur l'assurance accidents, § 82(1)-(2))

      • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 2(1))

      • Loi fédérale du 20 mars 1981 sur l'assurance accidents (LAA). (§ 82(1)-(2))

      • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§ 6(1)-(2))

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    • 4.2 Duty to protect the health and safety of people other than their own employees

      Summary/citation: The employer has the same OSH obligations with respect to workers of another company that the employer engages.
      (Ordonnance no 3 relative à la loi sur le travail, § 9).

      The employer who hires services carried out by workers of another company has the same OSH obligations vis-à-vis those workers as in respect to his/her own workers.
      (Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et les maladies professionnelles, § 10)

      • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 9)

      • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 10)

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    • 4.3 Collaboration among two or more employers at the same workplace

      Summary/citation: When workers of several undertakings are performing at the same workplace, employers must agree on specific arrangements to ensure compliance with hygiene provisions. They are required to inform each other and inform their workers about risks and the measures taken to prevent them.

      • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 8)

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    • 4.4 Surveillance of workers’ health in relation to work

      Summary / Citation: The employer has the obligation to provide workers with preventive health examinations.
      The National Health Fund will provide a health examination to a worker whenever that worker is exposed to an imminent health risk.
      The employer shall appoint the nearest doctor able to carry out those health examinations. The National Health Fund can also conduct those examinations. Report on the examinations performed by the doctor is addressed to the National Health Fund. This report includes the medical expertise on the working ability of workers. If there are reasons for the worker to immediately cease performing the dangerous activity, the doctor shall inform the National Health Fund without delay.

      The National Health Fund may order medical examinations even after the worker has ceased the hazardous activity.

      • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§§ 71,74)

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      • 4.4.1 Specific hazards for which surveillance is required

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    • 4.5 Surveillance of the working environment and working practices

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    • 4.6 Duty to provide personal protective equipment

      Summary / Citation: When it is not possible to avoid all safety and health risks through technical and organizational measures, the employer is under a duty to provide effective personal protection equipments and require workers to use them.
      Every worker must have personal protective equipment. When under special circumstances one personal protective equipment must be used by several workers, the employer is under the obligation to take the necessary measures to ensure hygiene.
      In case several personal protective equipments are needed the employer must ensure that they are compatible and effective.
      (Ordonnance no 3 relative à la loi sur le travail, § 27)

      Workers shall wear appropriate work clothes to the activity they perform. Work clothes soiled or damaged must be cleaned or repaired when they endanger workers. Work clothing and personal protective equipment exposed to harmful substances must be stored separately from other clothing and personal protective equipment. Work clothes and personal protection equipment exposed to substances particularly harmful as asbestos shall not lead to contamination outside the work area. They must appropriately be cleaned and eliminated.
      (Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles, § 38)

      • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 27)

      • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 38)

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    • 4.7 Duty to ensure the usage of personal protective equipment

      Summary / Citation: When it is not possible to avoid all safety and health risks through technical and organizational measures, the employer is under a duty to provide effective personal protection equipments and require workers to use them.

      • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 27)

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    • 4.8 Duty to provide first-aid and welfare facilities

      Yes.

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      • 4.8.1 Arrangements for first-aid

        Summary / Citation: The necessary equipment for first aid must be available at any time, taking into account the dangers that might arise from the activity of the company. First aid equipment must be easily accessible and be available in all working places where working conditions require it.

        In cases it is needed, nursing room will be set in a convenient location and adequately equipped. They must be assisted by qualified nursing staff. Premises used for nursing rooms must be easily accessible with stretchers.

        First aid equipment and material must be clearly marked.

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 37)

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      • 4.8.2 Sanitary installations

        Summary / Citation: The changing rooms, sanitary installations, rest room and nursing room must be kept in irreproachable hygiene.

        The sanitary installations including toilets, showers and lavabo, and the locker rooms will be separate for men and women.

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 29)

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      • 4.8.3 Drinking water

        Summary / Citation: Drinking water will be made available next to the workplace. When working conditions requires it, workers must be able to get other non alcoholic beverage.

        Drinking water and non alcoholic beverages will be distributed following provisions on hygiene.

        The employer might limit or ban the consumption of alcoholic beverages.

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 36)

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      • 4.8.4 Rest and eating areas

        Summary / Citation: Whenever it is necessary, and especially, when workers follow night shifts or work in teams, they must dispose of adequate and calm dining and rest rooms. These installations must have access to natural light and be separated from the workplaces.

        If the organization of the work requires workers to stay at the workplace also during the breaks, adequate seats must be provided.

        If necessary, rest areas must be arranged.

        In case workers must provide a permanent service at the workplace and there are not rest areas, other places must be arranged for workers to have rest.

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 33)

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  • 5 Employers’ duty to organize prevention formally along generally accepted OSH management principles and practices

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    • 5.1 Elements of an OSH management system

      Sometimes.

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      • 5.1.1 Policy or plan specifying responsibilities and arrangements for health and safety

        Summary/citation: Any industrial company is required to implement a company regulation.
        The establishment of a company internal regulation could be required by means of a Order for non industrial companies when the nature of the business or the number of workers justify it.
        The rest of non-industrial enterprises may voluntarily establish an internal company regulation.

        The company regulation shall contain provisions on the protection of health and prevention of accidents and, when necessary, it may also contain provisions regarding the internal order and the behavior of workers in the company; disciplinary sanctions may be imposed only when they are contained in the company regulation.

        • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§ 38)

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      • 5.1.2 Appointment of a person for health and safety

        Summary/citation: The employer is responsible for hygiene matters in the company and can delegate specific OSH responsibilities to competent workers if necessary. These workers must not suffer any prejudice due to the designated OSH duties.
        When the employer assigns OSH responsibilities to workers, the employer must provide them with an appropriate training and give them clear instructions. The time invested in OSH training and development is usually considered working time.

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 7)

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      • 5.1.3 Written risk assessment

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      • 5.1.4 Safe operating work systems and procedures

        Summary/citation: The employer must ensure that measures preserving hygiene are effective. The employer is under a duty to monitor them at appropriate intervals and to adapt them to the new working conditions in case of remodeling buildings, premises and technical equipment, or when using new products in the company.

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§§ 3(1),2)

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      • 5.1.5 Training and information on risks

        Summary/citation: The employer must ensure that all workers in the enterprise, including those of a third company, are informed and sufficiently trained regarding the risks they face when carrying out their tasks, and regarding the hygiene measures taken to prevent those risks. This training must be provided at the moment of engagement and whenever the working conditions are modified, and must be repeated if necessary.

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 5 )

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 6)

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      • 5.1.6 Review or assessment of the results of preventive measures

        Summary/citation: The employer must ensure that measures preserving hygiene are effective. The employer is under a duty to monitor them at appropriate intervals and to adapt them to the new working conditions in case of remodeling buildings, premises and technical equipment, or when using new products in the company.

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§§ 3(1),2)

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      • 5.1.7 Consultation with workers in health and safety

        Summary/citation: Workers or their representatives within the company must be consulted sufficiently in advanced and globally regarding all matters concerning hygiene. They have the right to make proposals.

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 6(1))

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    • 5.2 Obligation to implement a specific OSH management system or standard

      Summary/citation: However, anyone who wishes to construct or transform a business industry must submit their plans for approval by the cantonal authorities. These plans contain also OSH aspects.

      • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§§ 7-8)

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  • 6 Employers’ duty to ensure availability of expertise and competence in health and safety

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  • 7 Workers' rights and duties

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    • 7.1 Duty to take reasonable steps to protect their own safety and health

      Summary / Citation: The worker shall not expose his/herself or other workers to danger. This applies in particular to the consumption of alcohol beverages or other intoxicant products.

      When a worker comes across with defects that compromise safety, the worker must immediately remove them. If he/she is unable to do so or not authorized, he/she shall immediately notify the employer.

      • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 11(2),(3))

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    • 7.2 Duty to take reasonable steps to protect the safety and health of others

      Summary / Citation: The worker shall not expose his/herself or other workers to danger. This applies in particular to the consumption of alcohol beverages or other intoxicant products.

      When a worker comes across with defects that compromise safety, the worker must immediately remove them. If he/she is unable to do so or not authorized, he/she shall immediately notify the employer.

      • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 11(2),(3))

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    • 7.3 Supervisors’ duty to take reasonable steps to protect the safety and health of others

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    • 7.4 Senior officers’ duty to take reasonable steps to protect the safety and health of others

      No data available.

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    • 7.5 Self-employed persons’ duty to take reasonable steps to protect their own and other people’s health and safety

      No data available.

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    • 7.6 Duty to comply with OSH-related requirements

      Summary / Citation: Workers are required to follow the directives on occupational safety given by the employer and comply with the general safety rules. Workers must use PPE and do not undermine the effectiveness of the protection facility.
      (Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles, § 11)

      Workers are required to assist the employer in the application of the requirements on the prevention of occupational accidents and diseases. In particularly, they must use personal protective equipment and use correctly safety devices and refrain from removing or applying changing them without the authorization of the employer.
      (Loi fédérale sur l'assurance accidents, § 82(3))

      • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 11)

      • Loi fédérale du 20 mars 1981 sur l'assurance accidents (LAA). (§ 82(3))

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    • 7.7 Right to enquire about risks and preventive measures

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    • 7.8 Right to remove themselves from a dangerous situation

      Summary / Citation: If safety of workers cannot be safeguarded otherwise, the employer will stop work in concerned buildings or premises, work sites or facilities affected until the damage has been repaired or removed, unless the work stoppage would increase the danger.

      • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 4)

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    • 7.9 Right to be reassigned to non-hazard work

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      • 7.9.1 Right to withdraw with compensation when workers are not reassigned to non-hazard work

        Summary / Citation: The enforcement bodies can withdraw workers particularly exposed to occupational accidents and diseases from hazardous work. The Federal Council determines the compensation to be paid to withdrawn workers who, following their exclusion from the activity they held previously, suffer a significant harm and are not eligible for other insurance benefits.

        • Loi fédérale du 20 mars 1981 sur l'assurance accidents (LAA). (§ 84(2))

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  • 8 Consultation, collaboration and co-operation with workers and their representatives

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    • 8.1 National OSH committee, commission, council or similar body

      Summary / Citation: The Federal Council appoints a federal labor commission composed by representatives of the cantons, scientists and an equal number of representatives of employers’ organizations and representatives of workers' organizations, and representatives of other organizations.

      Remarks / comments: The Federal Coordination Commission for Occupational Safety FCOS is the central information and coordination office for safety and health at work. It coordinates the preventive measures, the tasks in the execution and the uniform application of the rules. Their decisions are binding. (For more information please visit the official website of FCOS http://www.ekas.admin.ch/index-en.php?frameset=1)

      • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§ 43)

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      • 8.1.1 Objectives, roles and/or functions

        Summary / Citation: The Federal Labour Commission advises the federal authorities on matters of legislation and enforcement and it can make recommendations.

        • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§ 43)

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      • 8.1.2 Constitution and chairmanship modalities

        Summary / Citation: 1. The Federal Labour Commission consists of 19 members, including:
        a. two representatives of cantons;
        b. two representatives of the scientific community;
        c. seven representatives of employers' associations, and seven representatives of workers' associations;
        d. one representative of women associations.

        2. The director of the Labour Department of the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs or the deputy shall preside the Commission.

        3. The members of the commission are appointed for the period administrative applicable aux federal authorities.

        4. The Committee may establish sub-committees and issue competitions in order to select experts to address specific questions.

        5. The Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Training and Research shall approve the rules of procedure in agreement with the Commission.

        • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§ 81)

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    • 8.2 Employers’ duty to consult workers on risks

      Summary / Citation: Workers or their representatives within the company must be consulted sufficiently in advanced and globally regarding all matters concerning hygiene. They have the right to make proposals.
      (Ordonnance no 3 relative à la loi sur le travail, § 6(1))

      Workers or their representatives have the right to be consulted on all matters relating to safety. The right to be consulted is the right to be heard early enough and fully on these issues as well as to make proposals before that the employer takes a decision. The employer must provide reasons when the objections raised by workers or their representatives have not been taken into account, or they have been taken into account only partially.
      (Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles, § 6(a))

      Workers’ representatives have the right to participate in matters relating to occupational safety and workers protection among others.
      (Loi fédérale sur l'information et la consultation des travailleures dans les entreprises, § 10(a))

      • Loi fédérale du 17 décembre 1993 sur l'information et la consultation des travailleurs dans les entreprises (Loi sur la participation). (§ 10(a))

      • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 6(1))

      • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 6(a))

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    • 8.3 Workers’ right to select their representatives for health and safety matters

      Summary / Citation: Although the law does not specify the right to select OSH representatives it does provide the right to workers' representatives to make proposals relating to hygiene matters.
      (Ordonnance no. 3 relative à la loi sur le travail, § 6(1))

      The law does not specify the right to select OSH representatives but it forsees the right of workers or their representatives to be informed and consulted on matters concerning issues relating to the protection of health.
      (Loi du travail, § 48)

      • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 6(1))

      • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§ 48)

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      • 8.3.1 Workforce size conditions for workers’ representation in health and safety

        No data available.

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      • 8.3.2 Conditions of eligibility to represent workers in health and safety

        No data available.

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    • 8.4 OSH representatives’ functions, rights and powers

      Sometimes.

      Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.4.1 Right to inspect the workplace

        No data available.

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      • 8.4.2 Right to access OSH information

        Summary / Citation: The employer must inform workers and their representatives about requirements set by the competent OSH authorities.

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 6(2))

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      • 8.4.3 Right to be present at interviews

        Yes.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.4.4 Right to receive professional assistance from OSH experts

        No data available.

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      • 8.4.5 Right to accompany inspectors

        Summary / Citation: At the workers request, they or their representatives in the company must be involved in an appropriate manner in investigations and visits to the company made by the authorities.
        (Ordonnance no 3 relative à la loi sur le travail, § 6(2))

        The employer must inform workers or their representatives in the undertaking in advance about the visits of the enforcement authorities and allow them to participate in the surveys or visits of the authorities, even when they are unannounced. The employer shall inform the workers or their representatives about the instructions given by the authority.
        (Ordonnance 1 relative à la loi sur le travail, § 71)

        Workers or their representatives at their request must be involved in an appropriate way in visits and investigations carried out by the competent enforcement bodies.
        (Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles, § 61(2))

        • Ordonnance 1 du 10 mai 2000 relative à la loi sur le travail (OLT 1). (§ 71)

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 6(2))

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 61(2))

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      • 8.4.6 Right to use facilities

        No data available.

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      • 8.4.7 Right to have time off work with pay to perform duties

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.4.8 Right to issue remedial notices

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.4.9 Right to resolve OSH issues in consultation with employers

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.4.10 Right to direct that dangerous work cease

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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    • 8.5 Right of workers’ representatives from outside the undertaking to address OSH issues at the workplace

      No data available.

      Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.5.1 Right to enter the workplace

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
        Error retrieving CEACR comment.

      • 8.5.2 Right to investigate suspected non-compliance with OSH legislation

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.5.3 Right to consult with workers

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.5.4 Right to advise workers

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.5.5 Right to initiate enforcement action

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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    • 8.6 Joint OSH Committee

      No data available.

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      • 8.6.1 Participation of workers’ representatives in joint OSH committee

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.6.2 Conditions for establishing a joint OSH committee

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.6.3 Objectives, roles and/or functions of joint OSH committees

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.6.4 Keeping record of the work of joint OSH committees

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 8.6.5 Sharing the minutes of joint OSH committees meetings

        No data available.

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    • 8.7 Mandatory training for members of joint OSH committee(s)

      No data available.

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    • 8.8 Protection against reprisals

      Summary / Citation: The employer is responsible for hygiene matters in the company and can delegate specific OSH responsibilities to competent workers if necessary. These workers must not suffer any prejudice due to the designated OSH duties.

      • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 7)

      • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 7)

      Related CEACR Comments
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    • 8.9 Immunity from civil and criminal liability for exercising OSH related rights and duties

      No data available.

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  • 9 Specific hazards or risks

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    • 9.1 Biological hazards

    • 9.2 Chemical hazards

      Yes.

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    • 9.3 Ergonomic hazards

      Summary / Citation: Workstations, devices and auxiliary material must be designed and constructed in alignment with the principles of ergonomics. Employers and workers must ensure that they are used appropriately.

      • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 23)

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    • 9.4 Physical hazards

      Sometimes.

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      • 9.4.1 Ionising radiation

        Summary / Citation: All protective measures must be taken when using radioactive substances or work equipment emitting ionising radiation, as well as in case of exposure to hazardous non-ionising radiation.
        (Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA), § 45)

        There is a specific law on protection from radiation.
        (Loi sur la radioprotection (LRaP)

        • Loi sur la radioprotection (LRaP).

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 45)

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      • 9.4.2 Vibration and noise

        Summary / Citation: Noise and vibration should be avoided.
        In order to protect workers, it is particularly important to:
        a. take the necessary measures in the construction industry,
        b. take the necessary measures in the work installations,
        c. take the necessary measures for acoustic insulation and isolation of noise sources,
        d. take measures for the organization of labor.
        (Ordonnance no 3 relative à la loi sur le travail, § 22)

        Buildings and parts of buildings, work equipment and work processes and production must be designed and implemented in such a way so that noise or vibration does not affect the health or safety of workers.
        (Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles, § 34)

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 22)

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 34)

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      • 9.4.3 Working at height

        Summary / Citation: Fixed ladders shall be designed and arranged so that they can be used safely. If the height is important, they must be provided with dorsal protection and, if necessary, intermediate bearings or a guardrail (§ 18).

        In order to prevent the persons, objects, vehicles and materials falling from windows, openings in the walls and soil, staircases and landings without sides, galleries, bridges, gateways, platforms, workstations located above the ground, open channels, reservoirs and similar locations, these will be equipped with railings or balustrades (§ 21).

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§§ 18,21)

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      • 9.4.4 Working in confined spaces

        No data available.

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      • 9.4.5 Risks arising from poor maintenance of workplace facilities

        Summary / Citation: Workstations and accessories premises shall be maintained clean as to ensure safety and health of workers.
        During maintenance and cleaning, all necessary protective measures must be taken. Facilities, equipment, tools and other resources needed for the maintenance and cleaning must be available.
        The waste will be safely removed and stored without exposing workers to any dangers.

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 37)

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      • 9.4.6 Exposure to extreme temperatures

        Summary / Citation: All rooms shall be adequately ventilated, either naturally or artificially depending on their use.
        Space temperature, air speed and humidity must be calculated and set in relation to each other so that the workplace acclimatization is adapted to the nature of work and it is not detrimental to health.

        • Ordonnance no 3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) (§ 16)

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      • 9.4.7 Fire risks

        Summary / Citation: In companies where a risk of an explosion or fire exists, the necessary measures must be taken to protect workers from these dangers.
        It is forbidden to use ignition sources in areas exposed to a particular danger of explosion or fire. At all accesses visible posters must warn about the danger and feature a smoking ban sign. If the use of ignition sources cannot be avoided, necessary measures must be taken to prevent fire or explosions.
        Appropriate measures shall be taken to prevent ignition sources from accessing areas where there is a risk of explosion or fire. (§ 36)

        Alarm devices and equipment against fire must be easily accessible, visible and ready for use.
        Workers must be instructed at suitable intervals, generally during working hours, on the protocol to be followed in case of fire. (§ 40)

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§§ 36,40)

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      • 9.4.8 Tobacco

        Summary / Citation: There is a specific Law and Order governing the protection against passive smoking in areas closed to the public and workplaces.

        • Ordonnance sur la protection contre le tabagisme passif

        • Loi fédérale sur la protection contre le tabagisme passif

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      • 9.4.9 Asbestos

        Summary / Citation: Work clothes and personal protection equipment exposed to substances particularly harmful as asbestos shall not lead to contamination outside the work area. They must appropriately be cleaned and eliminated.

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 38(3))

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      • 9.4.10 Risks related to nanotechnology

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 9.4.11 Contraction of HIV in the workplace

        No data available.

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    • 9.5 Psychosocial hazards

      Sometimes.

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      • 9.5.1 Psychosocial risks

        No data available.

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      • 9.5.2 Occupational violence

        Summary / Citation: The employer has the legal obligation to take all measures that experience has demonstrated to be necessary to protect the health of workers. The employer must take all necessary measures to protect the personal integrity of workers.
        (Loi sur travail, § 6(1))

        Discrimination at the workplace on the basis of sex, whether directly or indirectly, including on the basis of marital status, family situation or, in the case of female employees, of pregnancy and through sexual harassment is forbidden by law.
        (Loi sur légalité)

        Remarks / comments: The Labour Law obliges the employer to take the necessary measures to protect the personal integrity of the employees. Attacks on personal integrity include all forms of discrimination, whether based on race, religion, or gender, such as sexual harassment, as well as the perpetration or threat of violence. Mobbing is a form of heavy psychological violence and may cause health problems. Attacks on personal integrity also affect the climate of the company and its productivity. Managers can do much to protect the personal integrity, using relatively simple means of prevention. The main element is the adoption by the direction of a clear stance against these attacks and the provision of information regarding persons and bodies victims can turn to for support in the event of an incident or conflict. For more information please see http://www.seco.admin.ch/themen/00385/02747/02752/index.html?lang=fr

        • Loi fédérale du 24 mars 1995 sur l'égalité entre femmes et hommes (Loi sur l'égalité, LEg).

        • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§ 6(1))

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    • 9.6 Other hazardous substances

      Summary / Citation: When harmful substances are produced, processed, used, stored or handled and when workers may be exposed to hazardous substances adequate protective measures must be taken.
      When safety measures require it workers must wash themselves or take other cleansing measures, especially before breaks and after the working hours. The time used for these activities will be considered working time.
      Consumer products such as food, beverages and tobacco shall not be exposed to harmful substances.

      • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 44)

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    • 9.7 Machineries

      Sometimes.

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      • 9.7.1 Risks related to machinery and tools

        Summary / Citation: If buildings, premises or work equipment (machines, equipment, tools or installations), work processes are changed, or new materials are used in the company, the employer must adapt the protection measures and facilities to new conditions (§ 3(3)).

        In order to prevent the persons, objects, vehicles and materials falling from windows, openings in the walls and soil, staircases and landings without sides, galleries, bridges, gateways, platforms, workstations located above the ground, open channels, reservoirs and similar locations, these will be equipped with railings or balustrades (§ 24).

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§§ 3(3),24)

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      • 9.7.2 Duty of designers and/or manufacturers of machineries in relation to the occupational safety and health of operators of machineries

        Summary / Citation: There is a specific Order on the safe use of machines which provides for requirements to be met before placing onto the market a machine.

        • Ordonnance du 2 avril 2008 sur la sécurité des machines
        (Ordonnance sur les machines, OMach).

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      • 9.7.3 Duty of designers, manufacturers, importers or suppliers of machineries to provide machineries information

        No data available.

        Related CEACR Comments
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      • 9.7.4 Duty to purchase machineries from authorised/certificated suppliers or only if approved/certificated

        No data available.

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      • 9.7.5 Maintenance of machinery and equipment

        No data available.

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        • 9.7.5.1 List of equipment where applicable

          No data available.

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    • 9.8 Provisions to protect workers in specific condition of vulnerability

      Yes.

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  • 10 Recording, notification and investigation of accidents/incidents and diseases

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    • 10.1 Duty to record and/or investigate the causes of work accidents, near misses incidents and cases of occupational diseases

      No data available.

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      • 10.1.1 Work-related accidents

        No data available.

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      • 10.1.2 Near miss incidents

        No data available.

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      • 10.1.3 Occupational diseases

        No data available.

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    • 10.2 Employers’ duty to notify OSH authorities of work related death and/or injuries to health

      Summary / Citation: The employer shall notify the insurer of any accident that requires medical treatment or causes inability to work or death.

      • Loi fédérale du 20 mars 1981 sur l'assurance accidents (LAA). (§ 45(2))

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  • 11 OSH inspection and enforcement of OSH legislation

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    • 11.1 Appointment of OSH inspectors

      No data available.

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    • 11.2 OSH inspectors’ powers

      Sometimes.

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      • 11.2.1 Power to enter workplaces

        Summary / Citation: The employer is under the obligation to allow the supervising authorities to access the workplace.

        Enforcement and supervisory bodies are empowered to interview the employer, as well as privately the workers, on the application of the law, orders and official decisions.

        • Ordonnance 1 du 10 mai 2000 relative à la loi sur le travail (OLT 1). (§ 72)

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      • 11.2.2 Power to inspect and carry out any examination, test or enquiry

        Summary / Citation: Inspections can take place with or without notice. The employer is required to allow the competent enforcement bodies to access all work premises, conduct inspections and gather evidence during working hours and at any time in case of emergency.

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA).

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      • 11.2.3 Power to investigate

        No data available.

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      • 11.2.4 Duty to provide advice on OSH

        Summary / Citation: Enforcement bodies shall adequately inform employers and workers or their representatives about their obligations and rights in terms of occupational safety.
        The employer has the right to seek advice from the relevant enforcement body on the safety measures that must be taken.

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 60)

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    • 11.3 OSH inspectors’ enforcement powers

      Sometimes.

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      • 11.3.1 Power to issue orders or notices

        Summary / Citation: If the inspection reveals infringement of safety requirements, the relevant enforcement body shall draw the attention of the employer to the failure and shall set a reasonable time for the employer to address and remedy the infringement. This notice must be confirmed in writing to the employer.
        In case of emergency, the enforcement body shall waive the notice and issue a decision. If provisional measures are necessary, it shall be notified to the cantonal judicial authority.

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 62)

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      • 11.3.2 Power to impose financial penalties

        No data available.

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      • 11.3.3 Power to revoke or suspend licenses or authorisations

        Summary / Citation: If an employer does not comply with the decision issued by the enforcement authorities, they may, if necessary and with the assistance of the cantonal authority take the necessary measures in order to restore the legal order.

        • Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA). (§ 67)

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      • 11.3.4 Power to require the cessation of dangerous work

        No data available.

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      • 11.3.5 Power to initiate prosecutions

        No data available.

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      • 11.3.6 Power to conduct prosecutions

        No data available.

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      • 11.3.7 Other enforcement powers

        No data available.

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    • 11.4 Application of sanctions by courts

      Sometimes.

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      • 11.4.1 Financial penalties for legal persons

        Summary / Citation: The employer who using false or incomplete information or by other means has not complied with the obligation to pay insurance or retained premiums from the wages of workers, the executive body which has violated its obligations, including that of secrecy or has abused of its position to the detriment of a third party in order to obtain a benefit or to provide to a third party an improper advantage, the employer who has violated intentionally or negligently the requirements on the prevention of occupational accidents and diseases, the worker who has intentionally violated OSH requirements or acted negligently and seriously endangered others shall be punished with imprisonment for six months or a fine, unless they commit a crime or an offense punished with a more serious punishment foreseen by the Suisse Penal Code.
        (Loi fédérale du 20 mars 1981 sur l'assurance accidents, § 112)

        The person who in violation of the obligation to inform provided inaccurate information or refused to provide information, did not meet the prescribed forms or the worker who infringed the provisions on prevention of accidents and occupational diseases without endangering other people, if acted intentionally, shall be punished with a detention or a fine. If the person has acted negligently he/she shall be liable to a fine.
        (Loi fédérale du 20 mars 1981 sur l'assurance accidents, § 113)

        The employer who violates the provisions relating to the protection of health and approval of plans intentionally or negligently shall be punished.
        (Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce, § 59(1)(a)).

        The worker who intentionally, or negligently if it seriously endangers other persons, violates the requirements relating to the protection of health shall be punished.
        (Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce, § 60)

        • Loi fédérale du 20 mars 1981 sur l'assurance accidents (LAA). (§§ 112-113)

        • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§§ 59(1)(a), 60)

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      • 11.4.2 Financial penalties for natural persons

        Summary / Citation: When an offense is committed by management body of a legal person (corporations), criminal provisions apply to individuals who have committed the act.

        • Loi fédérale sur le droit pénal administratif (§ 107(2))

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      • 11.4.3 Non-financial sanctions

        No data available.

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      • 11.4.4 Criminal liability

        Summary / Citation: The employer shall be imposed maximum 180-day fine.
        The worker shall be imposed a fine.

        • Loi fédérale du 13 mars 1964 sur le travail dans l'industrie, l'artisanat et le commerce. (Loi sur le travail) (§ 61)

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      • 11.4.5 Terms of imprisonment for natural persons

        Summary / Citation: Maximum: 3 years

        • Code pénal suisse du 21 décembre 1937. (§ 117)

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